The Research Essay

The Research EssayThe Research Essay is the one essay which has received much attention from the young and old alike. It is no surprise that essay writing has become more than just a craft.In most situations, lengthy essays are not necessary as people simply have too much to do in their day to day lives to need them. However, there are situations where the research essay is required, for example when you need to present information which you have personally gathered. This form of essay writing is generally used by students in order to complete assignments or to write a dissertation on a particular topic.To put your research in an academic basis, essay writing requires you to carry out some research. In fact, the best way to do this is to read articles, journals, books and even television programmes and then carry out your own research in order to write an essay on the topic. Make sure that the information you are gathering is reliable as you can damage your credibility if you don't t ake the effort to learn all you can about a particular subject.When you carry out your original research, make sure that you take the time to read articles that are related to your topic so that you can use the information you find in order to develop your own ideas. Furthermore, you should also get as much information as you can about the subject of your essay, the researcher and their case.Most people who have a keen interest in some topic find it helpful to write about what they know, or what they have read, in order to get their point across, but it is vital that they do not forget to use different perspectives to add to their facts. It is the same with the research essay as well.If you want to be able to fully utilise your original research, it is important that you consider all the aspects of the research and write it properly. Don't make the mistake of simply repeating information you have found and focus instead on stating your argument clearly and accurately.You should also remember that the research essay will have to deal with situations which are unique to you and your situation. It is therefore important that you do not use it to write about your experience in everyday life, rather it should be written about what you found in the research.Finally, to be able to fully utilise your research you must edit your work before submission. You should first check your grammar and sentence structure, and then carry out a critical analysis of each of your points.

Eye Witnessing testimony Term Paper - 3850 Words

Eye Witnessing testimony (Term Paper Sample) Content: Eye Witnessing TestimonyStudent NameUniversity AffiliationEye Witnessing TestimonyThe aim of this paper is to provide a literature review that critically discusses seven peer- reviewed articles regarding eyewitness memory and the identification procedures that are associated. In addition, the paper will examine the problems associated with eyewitness, the general research approach used, as well as, the various methods for the identification of the events associated during the eyewitness, and the findings associated with the issues in the paper. Part one of this paper will extensively give its focus to the topic on eyewitness testimony and will also examine the relevant literature for the topic. Finally, Part one of this paper will discuss the research approaches used for testing the reliability of testimonies that come from eyewitnesses, and critically examine the procedures for identification in eyewitness. Part two of this research will demonstrate the comprehension of the topic by making use of the knowledge acquired from the topic and research to real life police practices. Specifically, the paper will examine the procedures for identification detailed in the "New South Wales Police Forceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Code of Practice for CRIME (Custody, Rights, Investigation, Management and Evidence)" (2010).The best approach will then discuss each of the sections on whether the recommendations are supported by the empirical research or not.IntroductionEyewitness testimony refers to any account provided by individuals of an event or events that the individuals personally witnessed (Brewer Oalmer 2010). A good example is a case where people are required to provide a quick description of an accident of which they witnessed. The description will include the vehicles associated, the scene, as well as, the possible cause of the accident. Research on eyewitness involves the psychological view of how witnesses perceive incidences, recalls them and reports the occu rrences in the legal frame. Eyewitness proves to be a crucial area of cognitive psychology research as well as research on human memory. This research enhances one to learn the different kinds of human memory, in that the eyewitness provides a series of events that he or she can recall. Therefore, this research proves to be essential when evaluating human memory.Literature reviewRecent articles and books regarding human memory have been expounded to a few texts concerning eyewitness testimony subject. Scholars have also conducted many studies regarding the human memory and its relation to the propensity to recall erroneously occurrences and details that never took place (Wells, 1998). For example, Elizabeth Loftus conducted experiments in the 70s to demonstrate the implications of a third party when introducing unrealistic facts into the memory. In the experiment, the participants were shown a car slide that was at the intersection with yield or stop sign. The experimenter then aske d the participants some questions. The questions were asked, while falsely introducing the "stop sign" term instead of a yield sign which was the option seen. In addition, the experimenters intentionally substituted the "yield sign" term in the quiz that had been directed to those participants who had seen the stop sign. The results of the experiment indicated that participants only recalled seeing the false image.In the first part of the experiment, the participants were asked to take a keen view of a car accident slide. Some of the participants were then asked to state how quick the vehicles moved before hitting each other. Others were asked to state how fast the vehicle were moving when they smashed into each other. The participants that were questioned using the term "smashed" had high chances of reporting having observed broken glasses in the initial slide. The use of false cues changed participantsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ memories CITATION SMK98 \l 1033 (Kassin, 1998).Eyewitness testimony greatly relies on human memory accuracy. Therefore, the memory has a large impact considering the outcome of any trial. A witnessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ memory, therefore, is crucial not only to crime related cases but also in civil cases. In road accidents, for example, eyewitness testimony holds much weight when determining who the cause of the incident is couched in the acceptance of the statement as integral evidence is the assumption that, human minds are precise recorders and store of events.Humans compactly hold on to the belief that their memories are intact in preservation and that thoughts are critically imperishable, and impressions are not forgotten. Sigmund Freud argued that long time based memories lie deeply in the unconscious mind. The depth is too deep to be bothered by existing events, as well as, experiences (Wells, Penrod, Fulero Brimacombe, 1998). Today, most individuals are in the process of accepting Freud's view of memory.In a survey conducted in the United States of America, individuals from different parts of the United States were asked for their views on how the human memory works. Out of these, some had formal psychology graduate training, whereas the remaining fraction did not. The non psychologists were into varied occupations. The participants were then asked to review the approaches that follow; everything human beings learn is stored permanently in the mind. However, some specific details are not retrievable. With special techniques such as hypnosis, the inaccessible details can eventually be recovered. The next thought was that some details learnt may be permanently lost from the human memory (Wells et al., 1998). It would be hard to recover such details by techniques such as hypnosis. This situation is so because the details are no longer there. The results showed that a large fraction, about 80 percent, of the psychologists and about 70 percent of the non psychologists opted to go for the first approach. The approach indicated that all information in the memory that is long-term is stored, despite the fact that it would be difficult to retrieve much of it.The choice of the response was on the basis of personal experience and involvement in the recovery of a concept that the individual had not thought of for quite a long time (Wells 1998). In addition, Wilder Penfieldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s knowledge on brain stimulation in patients with epileptic were initially used as a piece of evidence for supporting the theory that stipulates that memories are permanent and stable. Some audience mentioned reincarnation, hypnosis, Pentothal, or even psychoanalysis, to firmly support their belief in the permanence of memory.Problems associated with eyewitness testimonyEyewitness may not be effective in the provision of information to be used as evidence. This situation is so because the events as narrated by the eyewitness are adversely affected by other factors. To begin with, the witness may be influenced by lawyers in the courtroo m till they reconstruct their series of events. Thus, the narration will not be accurate and effective and the court or any institution that relies on a piece of information might not be in a position to make sound decisions based on the witness.Eyewitness greatly depends on the individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s memory. A case where a person fails to recall some of the events may lead to misleading evidence that may not be a clear indication of justice. In addition, the witness may offer false series of events so as to favor one party in the courtroom or suitable institution.The content of the events narrated by the witness may be affected by continued retelling of the story. Each time the witness tells the occurrences, there are possibilities that he or she will give a different version of the events. This situation greatly affects the consistence of the eyewitness.Eyewitness identification Procedures and Best PracticesEyewitness misidentification has contributed to many wrongful convictions that are later proven by other means such as DNA testing (Kassin, 1998). Therefore, for eyewitness testimony to be used as an effective source of evidence, then there should be procedures to be followed when conducting the eyewitness identification.To begin with, instructions are to be offered to both the parties involved in the procedure. Instructions are defined as the series of statements given to the eyewitness by the procedure administrator that prevent the eyewitness from having a feeling that he/she has been compelled from making a selection, get guidance from the administrator about whom to or not to pick, or if or not choice was correct, and minimize the possibility of misidentification. First instruct each eyewitness in absence of other persons. Then explain the meaning of the photo array to the eyewitness as a group of photographs only. Suggest to the eyewitness to flashback to the event and his/her mind at that moment. Give instruction to the eyewitness to choose a photo array if it is possible and to say how he/she is familiar with the person if he/she can. Give assurance to the eyewitness that even if he/she makes identification, the case will still be under probe by the police. Instruct the eyewitness that it is procedural the investigator to ask him/her to state the surety he/she has in any identification.In addition to the above institutions, other institutions have also given instructions geared at minimizing misidentifications. These include advising the witness that the administrator has no information that the suspect may be, giving direction to the eyewitness not to disclose procedure or results to the other eyewitnesses involved and avoid coming into contact with media.Research has previously shown that the eyewitnessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s level of confidence in the identification at trial is the main factor influencing whether observers believe that the identification is true. Record...

Comparing Amy Tans Mother Tongue and Gloria Anzulduas...

ESSAY #9: ISSUE OF LANGUAGE AND IDENTITY Identity is the essential core of who we are as individuals, the conscious experience of the self inside - Kaufman (AnzuldÏ a 62). Coming to America and speaking more than one language, I often face similar situations as Gloria AnzaldÏ a and Amy Tan. Going to high school where personal image is a big part of a student s life is very nerve racking. American Values are often forced upon students and a certain way of life is expected of them. Many times, in America, people look down on people who do not accept the American Way of Life. The struggle of fitting in and accepting the cultural background is a major point in both essays, _Mother Tongue_ by Amy Tan and _How to Tame a Wild Tongue_ by†¦show more content†¦The outcome of trying to express herself in her true nature often got her punished severely. Tan feels less fortunate to have been in an immigrant family because many of her opportunities were taken away because of that. While growing up, Tan believed that because her mother s English †¦had an

Women in Male-Dominated Careers Essay - 1790 Words

Over the years there have been many changes in the work-place. Since the second World War there has been a steady increase of women on the workforce across all the different types of careers there are in the United States. Some careers have seen more of a rapid change than others, a few of the career fields that have not really had much growth in gender diversity have been Engineering and Technology. Both of these fields have always been more male dominate throughout the history of their existence. The problem is that both of these careers demand a constant stream of new innovative ideas to fuel advancements in different types of technology. Those advancements are also very important to the public’s day to day life, as both of these†¦show more content†¦Back, still only a few years ago, as a now Purdue alumnus shared with me, â€Å"while going to Engineer Job Fairs, that some companies were slightly surprised to see a woman interested in their jobs they had to offer (Springer 2011),† Although as she went through college, it seemed like there were less and less surprised. This is a great example of how over a five year span, how people and companies are becoming more and more accepting of woman in the field. As a study, found by Richman and his fellow writers, also agrees with the change, â€Å"women in 1958 earned less than 1% of the doctorates in engineering, but in 2006 they earned 20% of those doctorates† (2011), this statistic shows great promise for the engineering field, and how women are starting to become more interested in the career at the college level. The same is shown in the real world, with women in jobs actually getting to use their degrees, and being able to stay with the same company long enough to receive tenure. â€Å"Although women comprised less than 1% of tenure-track or tenured engineering faculty through 1979, they increased to 11% of engineering faculty in 2006† (Richman 2011). While not as great o f jump as there was in the college degrees being handed out, there is still a 10% growth over a 27 year period. Although there are definitely advances in bringing in new minds into the mix, the progress is very slow. Before it can speed upShow MoreRelatedGender Stratification in the Workplace1147 Words   |  5 PagesGender in Gender-Biased Professions Ruth Simpson interviewed 40 males working in the female-dominated professions of primary school teachers, flight attendants, nursing, and librarians to better understand their experiences. Of those interviewed, only two found their career choice unsatisfactory and had plans to leave (356). The rest were glad they chose or stumbled upon their current career. Simpson contrasted the experiences of male flight attendants, nurses, librarians, and primary school teachersRead MoreGender, Gender And Social Class Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagesinterests such as careers, fashion, and fandom. When our chosen and assigned aspects come together, our own identity is formed. These parts eventually impact and affect each other with the idea of intersection. The interconnection of being a woman and belonging to a certain career cross and act on each other in ways that are mostly negative. Many women find being successful in their careers very difficult especially women who are based into a male dominated industry. The stereotyping of women is quite commonRead MoreThe Wonderful Workforce 867 Words   |  4 PagesSeparation in the workforce between male and female jobs creates a setting of inequality and instability in the work force, which limits certain career paths citizens should pursue and promotes an idea of inequality in employment opportunities. In tradition, the man is the breadwinner of the family; while this has changed, men still dominate many career paths. Once upon a time, only men were allowed to play sports in high school. This had drastically changed, due to Title IX, a law that providedRead MoreThe Glass Escalator By Adia Wingfield926 Words   |  4 Pagesspecific career paths. Careers such as a construction worker, mechanic and electrician may be gender stereotyped as a man’s career and careers such as nursing, secretary, elementary school teachers and child care workers may be seen as a woman’s profession. I chose to analyze the concept of â€Å" The Glass Escalator† by Adia Wingfield and relate it to two different news articles â€Å" More men enter Fields Dominated by Women.† By Shaila Dewan and Robert Gebeloff and the article â€Å"Kudos for the Black Male Nurse†Read MoreThe Issue Of Gender Inequality904 Words   |  4 Pagesissue of gender inequality towards wome n in male-dominated fields still occurs today despite an equality law implanted over 50 years ago. The purpose of this collected research is to address the issues of sex-discrimination in traditional male careers such as segregated stereotypes, unfair career advancements and the gender based wage gap. Throughout the research process, discoveries revealed that women are viewed by males as incapable of completing work in male-based fields such as constructionRead MoreWhere Are The Elementary Male Teachers?919 Words   |  4 PagesWhere are the Elementary Male Teachers? All my years of being in school and going to field placement this semester, I have realized there are not very many male elementary school teachers. In fact, it is very surprising if I even see one male teacher in the elementary schools, walking the halls, or teaching the students. This has been a re-occurring question that I have had for a while and I am hoping to answer it in this paper. So, my question is; why are there not many male elementary school teachersRead MoreGender Inequality1554 Words   |  7 Pagesis a matter of fervent debate and while some argue that there are innate and distinct differences between male and female cognitive abilities, I believe there to be other factors at play, including pervasive gender stereotyping and other social forces like bias and parenting effects. Elizabeth Spelke (2005), in the article, Do Significant Innate Differences Influence the Career Success of Males and Females, explains how a study conducted on high school students who were given a mathematical word problemRead MoreWomen s Experiences Towards Becoming A Nurse Clinician Essay842 Words   |  4 Pageslimited research on men’s experiences in non-traditional (i.e., female-dominated) fields. Nursing has become female-dominated, and we are interested in examining the male experience in a female-dominated occupation by exploring how gender identity influences a man’s work as a nurse, and how the experience of being male frames his career trajectory toward becoming a nurse clinician. Nursing is a profession dominated by women. Approximately 93% of nurses are female (U.S. Department of Health andRead MoreFemale Students Pursuing Science, Technology, Engineering, Or Mathematics Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pageseven though male dominance persists, particularly in the upper levels of STEM careers. Male and female students at the elementary, middle, and high school levels leave school equally prepared to pursue STEM majors at the college and university levels. However, fewer females tend to pursue these majors. Female students are less likely to indicate intentions of majoring in STEM and by graduation; males often outnumber females in engineering and science fields. The representation of women in STEM disciplinesRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1701 Words   |  7 Pageschoice of careers for people all throughout the United States. In history, it is taught that males dominated women in many careers, while women dominated males in only a few other mi nor positions. Males had an upper hand over women in engineering and in the military. One of the reasons males dominated was the idea of dominance over women has been passed down for centuries. It was never common for a women to be an engineer of a home or anything that wasn’t meant for women. Women only dominated in certain

Fashion Designer Clemente Ludoviko Valentino Garavani

â€Å"I know what women want. They want to be beautiful† (www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Valentino) said Valentino Garavani who was one of the most influential fashion designs of the 20th and 21st century, â€Å"Known for his classic designs, hes been dressing the world’s rich and famous for almost the last five decades. Valentino has built his once small fashion house into a fashion empire.† (www.lifeinitaly.com/fashion/valentino-garavini.asp) His career in fashion started in the fifties but his passion for it began as a young child with the approval and encouragement of his parents. Valentino Clemente Ludovico Garavani was born in Italy in 1932 where he lived for 17 years until he left for Paris to study fashion at the famous school of L’ecole de la†¦show more content†¦Partner Giammetti has the idea to use the V in merchandising for all kinds of accessories. In that same year he designed a dress for one of his most famous clients, Jacqueline Kennedy, who wore this creation or her wedding to Aristotle Onassis. Valentino spent most the seventies in New York socialising and dressing famous celebrities but not before launching his first ready-to-wear for men and women and opened boutiques in Rome, Milan, London, Paris then USA and the Far East. Valentines designs started to grow beyond dresses to jeans, shirts and accessories. â€Å"The success story grew in strength with a perfume and interior decor line. Valentino had truly become fashions It man.† (www.lifeinitaly.com/fashion/valentino-garavini.asp) More collections where launched during the eighties such as childrenswear and a line for young adults. Academie Valentino opened in 1989 in Rome, a cultural house host to art exhibitions and other activities. â€Å"Valentino’s designs through the years have remained romantic, just like he prefers. Throughout the years, Valentino has continued to make romantic, lovely and fashionable designs that speak to women of all ages.† (www.lifeinitaly.com/fashion/valentino-garavini.asp) In 1998 Valentino and partner Giammetti sell the company HdP who in 2002

The Key Elements Of A Successful Business - 1423 Words

I have chosen to do my research in small business. I want to know what it takes to build a successful business. What are the skills needed to start a new business? What are some of the steps to building a business model and plan? I am working on getting my degree in business. I am a general manager and will be soon help the company expand in opening two new stores in the next few months. This is something that is exciting to be able to expand the brand. This experience will help me when I am ready to own my own business. I know a small business is a big responsibility. As an owner, one has to dedicate lots of time and money to grow the brand and create customer loyalty. I know that simply being in love with an idea or product produced is not enough to survive in the business world. What are the key elements of a successful business? I want to learn more about creating a successful business plan and the logistics it takes to start a small business. I want to learn as much as possible about becoming an entrepreneur. I started my research at the MCC library. I was able to find the resources needed to help me research my topic. The book Entrepreneurship demonstrates some statistic, for example, 58% of Americans say they dream of starting a business and becoming their own boss. The most common reason for wanting to start a business is increasing one’s income followed by independence (3). I liked the different stories of companies started such as Home depot, Stacy’s Chips, andShow MoreRelatedPlanning For Long Term Success1014 Words   |  5 PagesPaul Frankenhauser Strayer University August 14, 2016 A successful business is like a road map covering all the highways and streets of the organization. The organization must be able to give a complete plan of the necessary task to keep the business moving from stage to stage. There are critical developing task to successfully grow in each stage of the business life term. An organization can start with a strong foundation by using some key components with development. The development skills haveRead MorePlanning For Long Term Success1009 Words   |  5 PagesFrankenhauser Strayer University October 27, 2016 â€Æ' A successful business is like a road map covering all the highways and streets of the organization. The organization must be able to give a complete plan of the necessary task to keep the business moving from stage to stage. There are critical developing task to successfully grow in each stage of the business life term. An organization can start with a strong foundation by using some key components with development. The development skills haveRead MoreAnalysis : Mind Maps And Work Flow Diagrams985 Words   |  4 Pages Each element or deliverable listed in the Project Implementation Model Mind Maps is further defined on Single Pages. 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Lawful Interception Market is Expected to Reach free essay sample

Lawful interception is considered to be a powerful instrument for fighting crime and eloping in maintaining law order. Audio video calls, emails, text messages, MS, digital Images, social media chats, facsimile and others are some of the various types of communication technologies, which are Intercepted by authorities for tracking Illegal activities and collecting evidences. To view the report, visit the website at http://www. Ultraconservatives. Com/lawful- interception-market Aiding for lawful Interception has become mandatory for the network providers due to the laws drafted by the governments of various nations.European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), 3rd Generation Partnership Project GAP), Communication Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALLA), Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions/ American Standardization Institution (ANSI/ TATS), SORT and Cables/ Peaceable are some of the institutions/bodies that have set rules and standards for carrying out All efficiently. Various countries across the globe follow these standards and adhere to the norms set by the regulatory bodies In their respective regions. We will write a custom essay sample on Lawful Interception Market is Expected to Reach or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lawful interception (All) market is witnessing tremendous growth and is speedily picking pace in its lifestyle. Based on the technological strength, it can be safely assumed that All will be a prominent part of telecommunication market in the years to come. The probable growth that Is forecast In the All market Is anticipated based on the rolling criminal activities which are carried out over the communication networks using sophisticated communication devices. The growing criminal activities have directly led to the rise in number of interceptions carried out over the communication channels.Additionally, growing adoption of Next Generation Network technology (ENG) will facilitate lawful interception of voice/video calls, text messages, chats, etc. Y channeling these forms of communication over a single network. Audio call Interception had the highest revenue during 2013, which accounted for growing market segment projecting a CRAG of 33. 3% during the 2013-2020. The file transfer applications are expected to experience the increased lawful interception activities. Due to rapid growth and significant large scale adoption of digital file interception; the file transfer interception is expected to be most prominent market by 2020. The telephonic communications (EST.) would reduce over the period. However, rising mobile communications and Poi calls would maintain the market potency of the voice communication in interception. The Poi solutions are increasingly being used for conversations due to free applications such as Keep, Google Talk, etc. Numerous enterprises are implementing IP telephonic systems within their premises for communication purposes.Such personal and official communications would be key factor driving the interception of voice communication. The data downloads, and text messaging is another attractive area of interception. The law enforcement agencies often intercept the text messaging, due to ability to array more information in small volumes of data. Individuals prefer text messaging over voice conservation due to lesser cost and data requirement. Critical information could be communicated in casual text chatting. Due to this, the interception over text messages is implemented by LEAS.The report profiles major players in the lawful interception market, namely Comas, Cisco Systems, Inc. , Incognito, Net Optics, Inc. , Automatic, Undercuts, ZIT Corporation, Siemens GAG, ASS Incorporation, Vermin, SSI Telecoms, RASA Intertwines Corporation, Nice, BABE Systems, Fire Eye and Rhode Schwartz. Vermin Systems leads global market for lawful interception with about 1/3rd of market revenue and has its reach across the globe. In June 2014, Vermin announced the expansion of Vermin Negative Portfolio, which will help in enhancing business intelligence and security solutions in order to avoid frauds and losses.